The death penalty has long been a controversial issue in American society, indeed throughout the world. Most European countries no longer administer the death penalty, and currently 12 of the United States prohibit it. Even though the federal government and the majority of states allow death sentences, opposition continues from prominent religious, civil rights, and civil liberties organizations. The issue consistently finds its way into the news, most recently concerning the application of the death penalty in Texas, Illinois and Maryland. The governor of Illinois instituted a moratorium on the death penalty in that state in 2000, and Maryland's governor did likewise in 2002. The death penalty became a prominent issue with the execution of Oklahoma City bombing mastermind Timothy McVeigh in May 2001.
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