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Black Americans' perspectives on the Supreme Court's 2023 ruling to end the use of race and ethnicity in university admission decisions are quite nuanced -- and largely fracture along generational lines.

Americans support the concept of affirmative action and its objectives, but attitudes are nuanced when it comes to specifics.

Nearly seven in 10 Americans support the Supreme Court's ban on race in college admissions, with mixed reactions among different racial groups.

Americans have become less confident in recent years that equality exists for Black people in housing or jobs and, perhaps as a result, they are more supportive of affirmative action. But racial gaps in perceptions persist.

Women in the U.S. are largely dissatisfied with the treatment of their gender in society and do not think there is gender equality in job opportunities.

More than 60% of Americans favor affirmative action programs for women and minorities, the highest levels of support for both since 2001.

Recent Supreme Court decisions may have conflicting impacts on Americans' overall opinion of the court.

American public opinion on affirmative action in college admissions is complex, with the public supporting the idea in theory, but opposing the use of race and ethnicity as a factor in admissions decisions.

Americans believe racial inequities need to be fixed but are reluctant to support disruptive changes that have been proposed to bring such fixes about.

While a majority of Americans support affirmative action programs for women and racial minorities, more favor programs for women. Whites are less likely than blacks or Hispanics to support either type of affirmative action.